A double ambiguity has been charged against Rawls’s Difference principle (DP). Is it Maximin, Leximin, or something else? Usually, following A. Sen, scholars identify DP with the so-called Leximin. One argues here that one has to distinguish 1° the Leximin, 2° the Maximin (as rule of justice formally analogous to the maximin rule of decision), represented by the figure in L of the perfectly substitutable goods, and 3° the genuine DP. When the augmentation of inequality benefits the worse off, only Pareto-strong improvements are permitted. Leximin would also permit Pareto-weak improvements too (after the first maximum D), where only the richest improves: from (2, 3) to (2, 5), say. This is forbidden by DP. With two classes, unlike Maximin, DP has no curve of inDifference and is always decisive, as Leximin is. For undecisive Rules of Justice, which admit indifferent curves, I propose to add a lexically secondary rule, to break ties. That move is able to clarify the links and the Differences between on the one hand Maximin alone, with its typical inDifference curves in L, and on the other hand, the DP properly understood and the Leximin, which both have no indifferent curves. With two classes of persons (best off/worse off), DP appears more egalitarian than Leximin, because it's secondary rule is MinIn (Minimization of Inequality). But the intuition behind the distinction is that it cannot possible “fair” that only the best off improves in a productive social cooperation.

Variance of EWMA statistic is needed when control chart is used. In literatures, a relation is used for computation of this variance which is not exact. We show that this variance is less than the exact value. This paper first derives the exact variance of the EWMA statistic for independent observations. Then through the comparison of this new variance and old variance, the effect of exact variance on control limits of EWMA control chart is examined.

In the supplier management, it is necessary to compare the performances of two suppliers using linear pro les. In this study, the determination procedure for product acceptance was designed using the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) statistic based on the process-yield index applied to the linear pro les of two suppliers. The design parameters of the proposed plan were also determined to satisfy both the producer's and consumer's risks. The e ciency of the proposed sampling plan was compared to that of the sampling plan developed based on Wang's test statistic in terms of the sample size required for selecting a better supplier. To this end, a real example was presented to explain the proposed sampling plan.

Radiology and imaging data of patient is the main and the most important data of the patient. Not only it shows disease of patient, but also it is included of the body geometry such as 2D and 3D. Gathering and saving of radiology images and data for different patients can be useful for future statistic studies. Many questions like, how to, why, in which and etc can be answered by statistic method, if we have had enough information in our hand. In this study we are going to find possibility of fracture in vertebra using statistic method. Radioogle web site was prepared as an search engine to gather information, searching data and result. By this method, the result extracted and show which vertebra are about to harm in case of fracture. The result shows that L1 is the most and L2, L4, L5 and C2 are the next possible to fracture in impact and accident. Other disease of spine and hierarchy in vertebra will be futuristic discussion.